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英文版正文3166字,
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中文版正文1110字,
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Today, soft robotics offer smart components and materials designed to optimize the flexibility and mobility of machines. This geometric model gives it the flexibility to turn any inanimate object into a robot. It is a robotic skin made by a laboratory research team under Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio, Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science at Yale University (Connecticut). The skin was named OminiSkins. Researchers at the School of Mechanical Engineering at Purdue University, Indiana, were also involved in the design of the skin. The skin is supported by a thin elastic sheet, and the sensor can activate the object from the surface to move it. “Robot everything” is a amazing idea, so Ominiskins was picked in 2019 Robot all star list.
如今,软体机器人提供智能组件和材料,旨在优化机器的灵活性和移动性。这个几何模型使它能够灵活地将任何无生命的物体变成机器人。这是由耶鲁大学(康涅狄格州)机械工程和材料科学助理教授丽贝卡·克莱默·博蒂格里奥领导的实验室研究小组制作的一种机器人皮肤。这种皮肤被命名为“全能皮肤”。印第安纳州普渡大学机械工程学院的研究人员也参与了皮肤的设计。这款皮肤由弹性薄片支撑,传感器可以从物体表面激活物体使其移动。这个“万物皆可机器人”的设计入选了2019全明星机器人。
OminiSkins – Uses and Applications
应用领域
Initially, the technology was designed in order to participate in a NASA contest. The agency needs multifunctional and autonomous materials for its space missions, but creating robots that meet all the operational needs in various hostile environments is expensive. The team’s proposed solution is a component that provides any inanimate object with the ability to move. The project submitted to the Agency is entitled “Active Elastic Skins for Soft Robotics.” The prototype created by Kramer-Bottiglio’s team in collaboration with NASA can transform any volume into a useful object for astronauts, such as a robotic arm or a transport device capable of surveying difficult terrain.
最初,这项技术是为了参加美国宇航局的比赛而设计的。该机构的太空任务需要多功能和自主的材料,但制造满足各种恶劣环境下所有操作需求的机器人是昂贵的。该团队提出的解决方案是一个组件,它为任何无生命的物体提供移动的能力。提交给该机构的项目名为“软机器人的主动弹性皮肤”。Kramer Bottiglio的团队与美国宇航局合作创建的原型可以将任何物品转化为宇航员的有用物体,例如机器人手臂或能够测量困难地形的运输设备。
While robots are usually designed to meet specific goals, according to Kramer-Bottiglio, this technology could quickly create adaptable and multifunctional machines in any context. The skin has multiple applications because it can perform very complex movements. To test this technology, the team created several prototypes. They showed that the skin can make an object with multiple limbs crawl or “walk”. It can also be used to create smart clothes. In this last phase of the study, researchers tested a device that can correct a person’s posture. Wearable elements created from the robotic skin are connected to an application that receives information on back posture and returns control signals to the wearable elements to correct the position.
据克雷默·博蒂格里奥说,虽然机器人通常是为满足特定目标而设计的,但这种技术可以在任何环境下快速创造出适应性强、多功能的机器。皮肤有多种应用程序,因为它可以执行非常复杂的运动。为了测试这项技术,团队创建了几个原型。他们表明,皮肤可以使多肢物体爬行或“行走”。它还可以用来制作智能服装。在这项研究的最后一个阶段,研究人员测试了一种可以纠正人的姿势的装置。从机器人皮肤创建的可穿戴元件连接到一个应用程序,该应用程序接收有关背部姿势的信息,并将控制信号返回给可穿戴元件以更正位置。
OminiSkins – Structure and Components
结构与部件
The robotic skin is made of an elastic fabric equipped with sensors and motion actuators. It can wrap around any articulated or flexible shape to make it mobile. It can give an object different mobility and movement capabilities. Transformed into a robot, it can perform specific tasks depending on the shape of the skin. The technology is in fact compact, reconfigurable, easy to transport, and inexpensive.
机器人的皮肤是由一种装有传感器和运动执行器的弹性织物制成的。它可以包裹任何关节或灵活的形状,使其移动。它可以赋予一个物体不同的移动性和移动能力。转化成机器人后,它可以根据皮肤的形状执行特定的任务。这项技术事实上是紧凑的,可重新配置,易于运输,而且价格低廉。
Using a light sensor, an object wearing the skin can move towards a light source, as shown in the following video:
The skin has a modular structure. Parts can be added depending on desired shapes and movements. The designed model allows combined modes of operation like a motion that combines compression and bending. Indeed, by combining several layers of the skin, complex movements can be produced.
皮肤具有模块化结构。可根据所需形状和运动添加零件。设计的模型允许组合操作模式,如结合压缩和弯曲的运动。实际上,通过结合几层皮肤,可以产生复杂的运动。
This study enabled Kramer-Bottiglio to receive a grant of $2 million from the National Science Foundation as part of its emerging research and innovation frontier program. Next, she will focus on simplifying devices and exploring the possibilities of 3D printing components. Will this Ominiskins become Iron Man in the future? Maybe Kramer knows.
本次研究使得Kramer-Bottiglio获得了美国国家科学基金会200万美元的拨款,作为其新兴研究和创新前沿计划的一部分。接下来,她将致力于简化设备并探索3D打印组件的可能性。机器人皮肤的应用还远远不止这些,可能将来会是钢铁侠的雏形也未可知。让我们一起期待Kramer教授给大家带来什么样的惊喜吧。
素材来源:
https://substance.etsmtl.ca/en/ominiskins-peau-transforme-objets-robots
https://news.yale.edu/2018/09/19/robotic-skins-turn-everyday-objects-robots
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/these-robotic-skins-turn-everyday-objects-into-robots-180970328/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/proxy/distribution/public/amp/science/2018/09/news-soft-robotic-skin-video/
https://www.abcnews.go.com/amp/US/yale-researchers-develop-robotic-skins-bring-objects-life/story%3fid=58173532
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